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AVRO tournament
The AVRO tournament was a chess tournament held in 1938. Eight of the world's top players took part: World Champion Alexander Alekhine, former champions José Raúl Capablanca and Max Euwe, and potential challengers Mikhail Botvinnik, Paul Keres, Reuben Fine, Samuel Reshevsky and Salo Flohr. Keres and Fine tied for first place, with Keres winner by virtue of his 1.5-0.5 score in their individual games.
The tournament was apparently organised in the hope that it would provide a challenger to Alekhine, but it was not an official candidates tournament. However, when FIDE organised its 1948 match tournament for the world title after Alekhine's death in 1946, it invited the 6 surviving AVRO participants (Capablanca had also died), except that Flohr was replaced by Vasily Smyslov.
See also: World chess championship